Recoilless, slideless repeating magazine-fed weapon

ABSTRACT

A recoilless, slideless repeating magazine-fed (19) weapon, comprising a hammer (9), a hammer pull rod (7), a trigger spring (8) and a safety (28). The open breech (15) connects directly to the open, expanding cross-section funnel (18), and furthermore the funnel (18) has an extractor (24) on the side which connects to the forend (21) through a funnel pull rod (20), and furthermore the magazine (19) is connected to the magazine well (19/1) at the bottom of the open breech (15) with a magazine holding pin (19/6). The weapon is compatible with a variety of magazines (19), including box magazines (with one or more rows of cartridges), drum magazines, or helical magazines.

The subject of this utility model is a recoilless/slideless repeating magazine-fed weapon. A primary aspect of the weapon is the use of an open breech, allowing the generated gases to freely leave the weapon, which can then be reloaded from the magazine via the forend rail. This design is also slideless, because there are no moving parts during firing, or while ejecting the round.

Recoil and sliding are general mechanical phenomena occurring due to the method of operation for various weapons. While slideless weapons do exist, including e.g. shoulder-mounted RPG/Carl Gustav weapons, these do not have magazines. There were a number of previously patented inventions attempting to find a solution to this problem, primarily focusing on reducing recoil. One such invention is U.S. Pat. No. 7,261,029, “FIREARM BOLT LOCKING MECHANISM”, which describes a design where the magazine also includes the pressure spring, the feed block, and the bullets. This utility model is a slideless weapon, with the feed block itself blocking the breech (an open breech, in our case), once the magazine is empty, as is the case e.g. for the PA63's front slide rail. With our feed block design (longitudinal milling), this element becomes unnecessary, making reloading simpler, as the breech does not need to slide back to remove the magazine. Once the magazine is replaced, the ammunition can be chambered with a single chambering motion. Another solution proposing to reduce recoil is U.S. Pat. No. 6,412,614, “DOWNHOLE SHOCK ABSORBER”, which uses a shock absorber device that is activated while firing. This solution is not relevant for our design, as we completely eliminate sliding and recoil: thus, reloading is the only time any part of the weapon slides back. Overall, it is clear that none of the existing inventions is capable of eliminating the sliding/recoil of magazine-fed weapons, only for weapons without magazines. For example, the funnel of an RPG is fixed to the breech and not movable, but even the funnel of a Carl Gustav can only be moved by first rotating it upwards and to the left, then removing the spent casing by hand, and finally loading the new cartridge into the barrel. The cartridge is locked by rotating the funnel back, and the weapon is then ready for firing once more. Recoil occurs for most weapons because the breech behind the cartridge is blocked. Thus, when the weapon is fired and the gunpowder in the cartridge combusts, the released gas pressure propels the bullet forward, out of the barrel in the direction of firing. However, the gas pressure also acts in the opposite direction, towards the blocked breech. As a result, the weapon also pushes backwards on the user. This happens for other types of repeating, semi-automatic and automatic weapons. This utility model aims to correct the deficiencies of the existing inventions, and to eliminate the aforementioned issue/phenomenon for high-caliber magazine-loaded weapons.

The primary goal of the utility model is to eliminate weapon recoil when firing. This is achieved by using an open breech and having the weakly attached cartridge base tear off and propel backwards on firing. Thus, when the weapon is fired, the created gas pressure propels the bullet forward, while the cartridge base is ejected backwards, through the open breech. Thus, the lack of recoil is achieved via the unobstructed release of pressure and ejection of the cartridge base through the completely open (unblocked) breech behind the cartridge. This means that the gas pressure created through the combustion of the gunpowder can freely escape backwards and will therefore not exert any backwards force on the weapon or its user. This is important because while a weapon's user can handle the recoil caused by the gas pressure of small-caliber cartridges without injury, these bullets are wholly inadequate for the purposes that higher-caliber cartridges are used for. On the other hand, these high-caliber cartridges have much more gunpowder and a larger bullet, meaning that a blocked breech would result in recoil that would make handling the weapon impossible, and could cause the user serious (possibly even fatal) injuries. This larger (over 30 mm) caliber of ammunition is necessary for certain purposes—penetrating armor or building walls, disabling vehicles—and recoil must therefore be eliminated to ensure that the weapon can be handled without injury to the user.

The rear of the weapon's barrel (the breech), where the cartridge is located, is completely open (unblocked) in our design. Effectively, this means that when the weapon is unloaded and there is no cartridge in the barrel, it is possible to see through the entire barrel from either side (as if looking through an empty tube). This is what allows the gas pressure to escape, and how this design is able to eliminate recoil, much like the aforementioned RPG or Carl Gustay. In our design, the breech remains open even when a round is chambered, just like the funnel adjacent to it. Two grooves are visible on the breech. The bottom groove is necessary for the hammer to be able to hit the primer around the cartridge when firing. The top groove is for the extractor catching the rim/groove of the cartridge when chambering.

The funnel is set against the open breech and is a movable part in our design. In addition to its other characteristics as described later in this document, its primary function is chambering the cartridge, and keeping it in the barrel. Its conical, funnel shape is necessary to ensure that the high-pressure gas from the gunpowder's ignition can freely exit the weapon. By distributing the escaping gas evenly, in several directions, it is possible to reduce the vertical and horizontal movement of the weapon's barrel, thereby allowing for more precise aiming. While this allows the gas to freely exit the back of the weapon, the resultant air pressure could affect objects or living things behind the weapon, which is why it is important to disperse and mitigate the pressure as soon as possible.

The design for the utility model allows the funnel to move back and forth, by pulling the forend rail back, and pushing it forward. This chambers a new cartridge from the magazine into the weapon. The funnel is connected to the sliding forend rail, the funnel holds the cartridge in the open (unblocked) breech, and the funnel pushes the cartridge from the magazine into the breech. The funnel is also completely open (unblocked). The loading pin on the bottom of the funnel is set against the base of the cartridge. This, by pushing the forend rail forward, the funnel it's connected to will push the cartridge from the magazine into the breech. The extractor is at the front side of the funnel positioned against the breech. Its purpose is to hook into the rim/groove of the cartridge chambered into the barrel after firing and during ejection/repeating and draw it out of the barrel. Thus, the barrel is emptied, and a new cartridge can be chambered from the magazine. A tension spring (extractor tension spring) allows the extractor to hook into the rim/groove of the cartridge, as is the case for most repeating weapons.

The magazine is also an innovative feature. While other recoilless weapons are single-action, the magazine makes a repeating weapon possible. By pulling the forend rail backwards and pushing it forwards, a new cartridge can be chambered, meaning that cartridges do not have to be placed or removed by hand every time the weapon is fired. This makes chambering the weapon much faster. The currently existing recoilless weapons (RPG; Carl Gustav) are incapable of repeated chambering/fire at a similar speed, not even if a second person is specifically assigned to reload the weapon. In addition, the weapon's user can carry multiple magazines, meaning many more cartridges, without an assistant, making the use of the weapon far more efficient.

This model allows the funnel to move back and forth, by pulling the forend rail back, and pushing it forward. This chambers a new cartridge from the magazine into the weapon. The funnel is connected to the sliding forend rail, the funnel holds the cartridge in the open (unblocked) breech, and the funnel pushes the cartridge from the magazine into the breech. The funnel is also completely open (unblocked). The loading pin on the bottom of the funnel is set against the base of the cartridge. This, by pushing the forend rail forward, the funnel it's connected to will push the cartridge from the magazine into the breech. The extractor is at the front side of the funnel positioned against the breech. Its purpose is to hook into the rim/groove of the cartridge chambered into the barrel after firing and during ejection/repeating, and draw it out of the barrel. Thus, the barrel is emptied, and a new cartridge can be chambered from the magazine. A tension spring (extractor tension spring) allows the extractor to hook into the rim/groove of the cartridge, as is the case for most repeating weapons.

The function of the magazine is that it contains multiple cartridges, therefore by attaching it to the weapon, it becomes a repeating rifle, as it is no longer necessary to load new cartridges and remove the spent ones by hand. The reason the magazine is an innovative element here is because magazines—or repeating firing systems—have never before been used for recoilless weapons.

The magazine used can be a box, drum, or helical magazine. This would also depend on the various types and calibers of cartridges used. For the utility model, it connects to the weapon as follows: the magazine holding pin attaches to the magazine well located at the bottom of the breech and can be attached or removed by using the magazine holding/release button (which operates similarly to the extractor). The magazine holding pin is located on the front of the magazine. This is necessary because the funnel is conical in shape and can be moved backwards. This means that when closed, the back of the funnel is lower than its front, which is in the same plane as the breech. Therefore, the magazine must be placed lower, to allow the funnel to be flush against the breech. This is why the magazine holding pin sticks out of the front of the magazine diagonally upwards, then bends horizontally. The front, horizontally bent section of the magazine holding pin fits into the magazine well at the bottom of the breech. The back, diagonally upward-oriented section of the magazine holding pin also functions as a feeder/positioner, as it forces the magazine into position well below the bottom plane of the breech, due to the conical shape of the funnel, widening as it extends backwards. This is the reason why the front of the funnel (the part set against the breech) needs a loading pin at the bottom, so that it can reach the base of the cartridge below, enabling the chambering of the weapon during loading. This is when the diagonally upwards-oriented section of the magazine holding pin comes into play to position the cartridge, as the front of the cartridge follows its path upward until it meets the plane of the barrel, thereby chambering the cartridge. This diagonally upwards-oriented section of the magazine holding pin has a longitudinal groove (funnel pin well), for the loading pin at the front of the funnel. This prevents it from getting caught in the magazine holding pin, and the funnel can slide forward all the way, until it is fully flush with the breech. The front, horizontal section of the magazine holding pin has a groove for the magazine holding/release button or latch. This keeps the magazine holding pin inside the magazine well, keeping the entire magazine in position.

Most semi-automatic, self-loading or automatic rifles have moving parts even while the fired bullet is still in the barrel. This is because they use the gas pressure to reload, to keep tension on the firing mechanism, and to eject the spent cartridge shell, meaning that they have parts sliding back while firing.

The utility model is designed to only have parts moving during reloading and before firing, when pressure is placed on the firing mechanism. There are no longer any moving parts once the primer is struck and the gunpowder ignites; or while the fired bullet is still in the barrel. Even immediately before and after, the parts only move if the user decides to move them himself. This is what makes the design slideless, much like all other non-self-loading (and non-automatic) repeating weapons, including rotary action hunting rifles or old combat rifles, e.g. Mauser M98 (which is actually also slideless, but is not recoilless). For slideless weapons, not even the hammer is moving at the moment of firing (the ignition of the primer).

This means that gas pressure does not build up for the utility model design, because it is able to escape freely through the open breech. This, in turn, means no recoil, which is also the reason why there are no moving parts either before or during firing. In other words, our design is both slideless and recoilless, while still being magazine-loaded.

For weapons with forend rails, the front grip and the rods are connected to the weapon's action (the action of a weapon is the mechanism that holds the cartridge in the barrel during firing, for this weapon the action would be the open funnel.) The same is essentially true for our weapon as well, except after chambering, the breech and the funnel both remain open (unblocked).

In this case, the forend rail, which is connected to the funnel, acts only to push the cartridge into place. To actually keep the cartridge loaded into the barrel in place, we use a strong tension spring (lock spring), located between the forend (foregrip) and the fixed rear grip (which also serves to operate the firing mechanism.) This spring could also surround the barrel or could be drawn along rods. In addition, the spring makes it easier to push the forend rail forward, thereby assisting with the chambering of the cartridge. Other types of actions could also be used, but as the high-pressure gas flows freely out the back of the weapon through the funnel and does not put pressure on any part of the weapon, the use of an action is not necessary.

If the rods connected to the funnel were attached to a bolt further back, instead of to the forend, the user would have to let go of the front grip to reload the weapon. This would take additional time and would then require re-orienting the weapon to aim once more.

Other advantages of this design include the forend rail being connected to the breech, and the trigger being connected to the hammer with a tension-rod.

The document contains the following schematics of the utility model:

1. FIG. 1: Weapon in normal state, with all parts at rest,

2. FIG. 2: immediately after firing,

3. FIG. 3: firing mechanism in active state, partial top view

4. FIG. 4: open position with magazine,

5. FIG. 5: open position, with a close-up of the magazine well,

6. FIG. 6: top view of magazine

7. FIG. 7: double row magazine cross-section,

8. FIG. 8: top view of open position with magazine,

9. FIG. 9: top view, closed position with hammer pulled back,

10. FIG. 10: extractor and its tension spring on the funnel, top view.

The utility model shows a shoulder-mounted weapon, as is practical for the size of the cartridges in question. The design can be used for many different types of 17 cartridges, regardless of caliber and purpose. FIGS. 1 and 2 show the firing mechanism and its operation, as well as the technical details for the recoilless operation. By pulling back the 1 trigger, the 2 top hollow pin of the trigger rotates along the 10 fulcrum of the bolt and pulls the 7 hammer pull rod forward by hooking it with the 3 latch pin This makes the 9 hammer turn to the side, and puts tension of the 8 actuator spring of the hammer pull rod. The 11 guide rails for the pull rod ensure the straight-line motion of the 7 hammer pull rod By pulling back the 1 trigger, the 5 back pin of the trigger also moves, putting tension on the 6 return spring for the back pin of the trigger. Finally, the 3 latch pin is removed from the 16 latch groove on the 7 hammer pull rod. As a result, the 8 actuator spring of the pull rod (which is flush against the 12 stop for the actuator spring of the pull rod) pushes the 7 hammer pull rod backwards, which in turn slams the 9 hammer onto the cartridge primer, thereby completing the firing process. When letting go of the 1 trigger, the 6 return spring for the back pin of the trigger pushes the 5 back pin of the trigger, returning the 1 trigger and the 2 top hollow pin of the trigger to their pre-firing position. Meanwhile, due to its rounded tip, the 3 latch pin slides back into the 2 top hollow pin of the trigger, then, having returned to its normal position, slides back into the 16 latch groove, with the aid of the 4 return spring of the latch pin. Then, by pulling the 1 trigger again, it is possible to repeat the process. As noted, FIG. 1 shows all parts in their normal state, at rest, while FIG. 2 shows the state of the weapon immediately after firing, with the 9 hammer and the 8 actuator spring for the hammer pull rod in their normal (rest) state, but the 1 trigger not yet having returned to its rest state. When the 1 trigger is released, the 6 return spring for the back pin of the trigger returns it to its normal position.

FIG. 2 shows the state of the weapon immediately after firing, with the 9 hammer and the 8 actuator spring for the hammer pull rod moving said hammer in their normal state, but the 1 trigger not yet having returned to its rest state. FIG. 3 shows the state of the weapon immediately before firing, with the 9 hammer, the 8 actuator spring for the hammer pull rod, and the 1 trigger all under tension. The partial top view of FIG. 3 shows the 9 hammer in its previous state (under tension). FIG. 4 shows a side view of the weapon, in open position, along with its 19 magazine. In other words, this shows the state of the weapon before chambering. Chambering occurs when the casing of the fired 17 cartridge left in the 14 barrel has been ejected, and a new 17 cartridge is about to be chambered in the 14 barrel, or when we just connected the 19 magazine to the weapon and we wish to ready it for firing by chambering a 17 cartridge into the 14 barrel. Ejection is as follows: the 24 extractor on the 18 funnel hooks into the rim/groove of the 17 cartridge in the 14 barrel. The 18 funnel is connected to the 21 forend by the 20 funnel pull rod. After firing, we grasp the 22 front grip of the 21 forend, and pull it backwards (towards us). By doing this, as the 21 forend moves backwards, it also pulls the 18 funnel backwards, as it is connected to it by the 20 funnel pull rod. As the 24 extractor on the 18 funnel is hooked into the 17 cartridge, as it moves backwards, it pulls the fired 17 cartridge from the 14 barrel, leaving space for the next 17 cartridges. In this state, the 18 funnel and its 25 loading pin move behind the 19 magazine, making it possible to chamber the next 17 cartridge from the 19 magazine. FIG. 4 shows an open side view of the weapon with a 19 magazine attached, before chambering, its firing mechanism at rest. 14 chambering happens as follows. The previously ejected, empty 17 cartridge is replaced by a new 17 cartridge loaded into the 14 barrel. This is achieved by pushing the fixed front 22 grip attached to the 21 forend forwards. The 21 forend is rigidly connected to the 18 funnel by the 20 funnel pull rod, meaning that when the 21 forend is pushed forwards, the 18 funnel also moves forwards at the same speed and distance. As it moves forward, it pushes the 17 cartridge rising from the 19 magazine out of the 19 magazine and into the 14 barrel with its 25 loading pin located at the bottom of the 18 funnel. This is assisted by the 19/6 diagonally upwards oriented section of the magazine holding pin, which also acts as a loading guide. The groove in the 19/6 magazine holding pin is the 25 loading pin groove. The 25 loading pin on the 18 funnel slides into the 25 loading pin groove, allowing the 18 funnel to press against the 15 open breech. At this point, the weapon is chambered and closed. Chambering the 17 cartridge into the 14 barrel is assisted by the 23 lock spring located between the 13 fixed grip and the 22 front grip, which is primarily for keeping the 18 funnel flush against the 15 open breech, and holding the 17 cartridge in place. However, while chambering, it also functions as a recoil spring (as for the AK47 or M4). At this point, the weapon is ready to be fired. This is followed by firing (FIGS. 1; 2; 3), then ejecting the casing, then chambering again. The close-up section of FIG. 5 shows the 26 magazine well on the bottom of the 14 barrel. This is what the first, horizontal section of the 19/6 magazine holding pin located on the 19 magazine slides into. The 26/A magazine holding button latched into the 19/8 locking groove is also found here. By pressing on its forward section, the rear section of the 26/A magazine holding button unlatches from the 19/8 locking groove, allowing the 19 magazine to be removed or replaced. The tension spring for the 26/A magazine holding button ensures that the 26/A magazine holding button only unlatches from the 19/8 locking groove if it is pushed, so that the 19 magazine will not slip or fall out of the weapon by itself.

Naturally, this weapon also uses a 28 safety, which can be a simple manual 28 safety. Practically speaking, this is a lever which, when pulled down, braces the 5 back pin of the trigger, preventing the 1 trigger from being pulled and firing the weapon. However, when turned upward, it allows the 5 back pin of the trigger and thus the 1 trigger to move freely, making it possible to fire the weapon. FIGS. 6 and 7 show the magazine. The weapon can use the most common types of 19 magazines. The vast majority of the world's weapons industry (including military, police, and self-defense pistols, military rifles, sport rifles, machine pistols, some automatic rifles) use box magazines, as do we. This is due to box magazines being simple, cheap to manufacture, and reliable. Because the 17 cartridges for our weapon are much larger, the 19 magazines themselves are also much larger (in height, width, and depth). The main difference is that we use a 19/6 magazine holding pin, because a larger diameter 18 funnel is connected to the 14 barrel. It also functions as a feed guide, and its groove (19/9 funnel pin groove) acts as a connection point for the 25 loading pin on the funnel. Double-row (FIG. 7) 19 magazines are also usable, as only the 19/6 magazine holding pin of the 19 magazines touches the weapon, meaning that wider magazines can be used freely. FIG. 10 demonstrates a particularly advantageous design for the 24 extractor described above, with the top view showing the 24/A tension spring for the extractor, located on the funnel. FIG. 8 shows an open top view of the weapon, with a magazine, pre-chambering—with its 9 hammer in its normal rest position. FIG. 9 shows a closed view of the weapon, with its 9 hammer drawn back.

Currently, the advantage of our solution in comparison to existing products and solutions is that the utility model design provides more precise aim. The simple design ensures easy disassembly for the weapon. Relatively few high-precision parts are needed, making the device reliable, simple to operate, and inexpensive to manufacture. Our utility model, ideally used for high-caliber weapons, has a 19 magazine, allowing for quick reloading. The design is compatible with a wide variety of cartridge types. We have also reduced the excessive recoil typical of high-caliber ammunition, in addition to making single-person operation feasible by using 19 magazines.

Parts reference 1. Trigger 2. Top hollow pin of trigger 3. Latch pin 4. Return spring of latch pin 5. Back pin of trigger 6. Return spring for the back pin of the trigger 7. Hammer pull rod 8. Actuator spring for the hammer pull rod 9. Hammer 10. Bolt 11. Guide rails for pull rod 12. Guide rail-mounted stop for the guard rail actuator spring 13. Fixed grip 14. Barrel 15. Open breech 16. Latch groove 17. Cartridge 18. Funnel 19. Magazine 19/1. Magazine well 19/2. Magazine body 19/3. Magazine spring 19/4. Feed block 19/5. Magazine lip 19/6. Magazine holding pin 19/7. Bend in magazine holding pin 19/8. Locking groove 19/9. Funnel pin groove 20. Funnel pull rod 21. Forend 22. Front grip 23. Lock spring 24. Extractor 24/A Tension spring for extractor 25. Loading pin 26. Magazine well 26/A Magazine holding button 26/B Tension spring for magazine holding button 27. Stock 28. Safety 

1. A recoilless, slideless repeating magazine-fed (19) weapon, comprising a hammer (9), a hammer pull rod (7), a trigger spring (8) and a safety (28), wherein the open breech (15) connects directly to the open, expanding cross-section funnel (18), and furthermore the funnel (18) has an extractor (24) on the side which connects to the forend (21) through a funnel pull rod (20), and furthermore the magazine (19) is connected to the magazine well (19/1) at the bottom of the open breech (15) with a magazine holding pin (19/6).
 2. A weapon according to claim 1, wherein the funnel (18) is connected to the forend (21).
 3. A weapon according to claim 1, wherein a loading pin (25) is located at the bottom of the funnel (18), and the base of the cartridge rests against said loading pin (25).
 4. A weapon according to claim 1, wherein the funnel (18) is equipped with an extractor (24), and the front of the funnel (18) is flush against the open breech (15).
 5. A weapon according to claim 1, wherein it is compatible with a variety of magazines (19), including box magazines (with one or more rows of cartridges), drum magazines, or helical magazines.
 6. A weapon according to claim 1, wherein a magazine well (26) is located at the bottom of the open breech (15) and said magazine well (26) is connected to the magazine holding pin (19/6).
 7. A weapon according to claim 1, wherein the open breech (15) has two grooves, the bottom one for the hammer, and the top one for the extractor (24).
 8. A weapon according to claim 1, wherein the cartridge (17) chambered into the barrel using the forend (21) is held in place by the lock spring (23), which is located between the rear fixed grip (13) and the forend (21), or surrounding the barrel, or running along the rods.
 9. A design according to claim 8, wherein rotary or climbing action can also be applied advantageously to the design.
 10. A magazine holding pin (19/6) according to claim 1, wherein the front horizontal section of the pin has a groove into which the magazine holding button (26/A) is latched. 